線上收聽
by Rachel Black
For ages, sailors have said that it is good luck to see dolphins swimming alongside boats. Their presence meant that land was near, which would be vital information if a boat and her crew were in danger. Some dolphins have even protected shipwrecked sailors from sharks. It is no wonder that these unique and fascinating creatures have long been known as our friends.
You may think dolphins are fish, but they are actually mammals. They are related to whales and porpoises, and they evolved around 10 million years ago. Dolphins breathe air, give birth to live young, and feed them milk. They are social animals, living together in groups called pods or schools that range in size of up to 12. In places rich in food, many schools can combine together to form pods of up to 1,000 dolphins.
Dolphins are thought to be intelligent animals because of their playfulness, curiosity, and quick ability to learn. They seem to communicate with each other through a combination of squeaks, whistles, and clicks. While scientists don't know what they are going on about, it is thought that dolphins are telling each other that food is nearby, or warning each other of approaching danger. Dolphins use sonar to discover an object's size, shape, and location. By sending out a series of clicks and receiving the echo that bounces off the object, they can differentiate between a shark and a boat.
Unfortunately, dolphins have faced increasing danger in recent years. Fishermen in pursuit of profitable tuna may accidentally trap dolphins in their nets, killing them in the process. These intelligent mammals of the sea deserve our protection and respect.
| 精解字詞片語 |
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1. protect sb/sth from N/V-ing 保護某人∕某物免於……
例: The body armor protects the police from being killed if shot in the chest.
（防彈背心保護警察在胸腔中彈時免於喪命。）
2. It is no wonder + that 子句 難怪……
= No wonder + S + V
例: Danny was late again. It's no wonder that the manager wants to let him go.
（丹尼又遲到了，難怪經理想請他捲舖蓋走人。）
3. be related to... （動物）與……是同類；（人）與……有親戚關係
例: Did you know that I am actually related to the King of England?
（你知道其實我跟英國國王有血緣關係嗎？）
4. evolve vi. 演進，進化
例: Over time, those little fish evolve into frogs.
（隨著時間演進，這些小魚進化成青蛙。）
5. give birth to... 生育……
例: A cat just gave birth to a litter of kittens behind my house.
（有隻貓剛在我家後院生了一窩小貓。）
6. range in... 在……（範圍內）變化
range from A to B 範圍從 A 到 B
= range between A and B
例: The students in this graduate program range in ages from 18 to 80.
（參與該研究生計劃的學生年紀從十八歲到八十歲都有。）
7. communicate with... 與……溝通
例: If we can't communicate with each other, we might as well end our relationship.
（我們如果無法溝通，倒不如就結束這段關係吧。）
8. warn sb of... 警告某人……
例: Jim's grandfather warned him of the dangers of smoking.
（吉姆的爺爺警告他抽菸的危害。）
9. bounce off... 自……彈回來
bounce vi. 彈起，反彈
例: The ball bounced off the wall and came to rest under the table.
（球從牆邊彈回來，滾到桌子下就停住了。）
10. differentiate between A and B 區分∕辨別 A 與 B
= differentiate A from B
differentiate vi. & vt. 區分
例: All of the teachers had a hard time differentiating between Carla and Marla because they were identical twins.
（所有老師都難以分辨卡拉和瑪拉，因為她們是同卵雙胞胎。）
11. in pursuit of... 追求……；追趕……
pursuit n. 追求；追趕
例: The accident occurred while the police were in pursuit of the drunk driver.
（那場意外事故是警方在追逐該酒醉駕車者時發生的。）
12. deserve vt. 值得
deserve + N/to V 值得……
例: Peter deserves our respect because he treats the rich and poor the same way.
（彼得值得我們尊敬，因為他對富者與貧者都一視同仁。）
13. have an aptitude for... 有……的天賦
aptitude n. 資質，天賦
例: My little sister has a great aptitude for learning languages.
（我家小妹對學習語言有極高的天賦。）
14. pose a threat to... 對……構成威脅
例: The leader of that country poses a threat to world peace.
（該國領導人對世界和平構成威脅。）
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| 單字小舖 |
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1. delightful a. 可愛的
2. presence n. 出現，在場
3. vital a. 重要的
4. shipwreck vt. 使遭受海難 & n. 海難
5. mammal n. 哺乳動物
6. porpoise n. 鼠海豚
7. social animal 群居動物
8. pod n.（海豹、鯨等的）一小群
9. playfulness n. 愛玩耍
10. squeak n. 吱吱聲
11. whistle n. 口哨
12. click n. 卡嗒聲
13. approaching a. 即將來臨的
14. sonar n. 聲納
15. profitable a. 有利可圖的
16. tuna n. 鮪魚
17. accidentally adv. 意外地
18. sonogram n. 聲波圖
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| 片語小舖 |
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1. be in danger 處於險境
2. be rich in... 富含……
3. a series of... 一連串的……
4. in the process 在過程中
5. be made up of... 由……組成
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| 中文翻譯 |
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長久以來，水手們都說看見海豚跟在船邊游是件很幸運的事。牠們的出現代表陸地就在附近，這對一艘遭遇危險的船隻及其船員來說是極重要的資訊。有些海豚還會保護遇難水手不受鯊魚攻擊。難怪這獨特又迷人的生物一直被視為人類的好朋友。
你也許會認為海豚是魚類，但事實上牠們是哺乳類動物。牠們與鯨魚和鼠海豚屬於同一類，約在一千萬年前便已進化完成。海豚呼吸空氣、生育下一代並哺乳。牠們是群居動物，一群可達 12 隻不等的海豚生活在一起，稱為 pod 或 school。在食物豐富的地方，許多群海豚聚集在一起時，可形成數量多達一千隻的海豚群。
由於海豚愛玩、好奇心重，而且學習速度很快，因此被認為是很聰明的動物。牠們似乎會以結合了吱吱聲、口哨或卡嗒的聲響相互溝通。雖然科學家不確定牠們在做些什麼，但此舉被認為是海豚在告訴彼此食物就在附近，或警告危險將至。海豚利用聲納探測物體的大小、形狀和所在位置。藉由發送一連串卡嗒聲並從物體反彈的回音，牠們便能區分鯊魚和船隻。
不幸的是，海豚近年來面臨日益擴大的危機。想靠鮪魚大賺一筆的漁夫可能會意外使海豚困在漁網中，而讓牠們在受困過程中致死。這些聰明的海中哺乳類應該要受到保護和尊敬才是。 |
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